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Corpus separatum (Jerusalem)
''Corpus separatum'' (Latin for "separated body") is a term used to describe the Jerusalem area in the ''1947 United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine''. According to the plan the city would be placed under international regime, conferring it a special status due to its shared religious importance. The corpus separatum was one of the main issues of the Lausanne Conference of 1949, besides the other borders and the question of the right of return of Palestinian refugees. The plan was adopted by the General Assembly with a two-thirds majority, although its implementation failed and nowadays the view that Jerusalem should be the capital of both Israel and Palestine is widely supported internationally.〔UNGA, 29 November 2012 ''Resolution 67/19. Status of Palestine in the United Nations'' (doc.nr. A/RES/67/19 d.d. 04-12-2012)〕〔European Parliament, 5 July 2012, (''Resolution 2012/2694(RSP)'' )〕
==Background==
With its many holy places and its association with three world religions, Jerusalem had international importance. The United Nations wanted to preserve this status after termination of the British Mandate and guarantee its accessibility. Therefore, the General Assembly proposed a ''corpus separatum'', as described in Resolution 181. It was to be ''"under a special international regime and shall be administered by the United Nations"''. The administering body would be the United Nations Trusteeship Council, one of the five UN ''"Charter"'' organs. (See Resolution 181, Part III (A).))
The corpus separatum covered a rather wide area. The Arabs actually wanted to restore the former status as an open city under Arab sovereignty, but eventually supported the corpus separatum.〔UN Committee on Jerusalem, (''Meeting between the Committee on Jerusalem and the delegations of the Arab states, 20 June 1949'' ) (doc.nr. A/AC.25/Com.Jer./SR.33)〕 Israel rejected the plan and supported merely a limited international regime.〔(''Letter dated 31 May 1949, addressed by Mr. Walter Eytan, Head of the Delegation of Israel'' ) (doc.nr. A/AC.25/Com.Jer/9 d.d. 01-06-1949)〕〔UNCCP, 5 April 1949, (''second progress report'' ) (doc.nr. A/838 d.d.19-04-1949), see par. 28.〕 In May 1948, Israel told the Security Council that it regarded Jerusalem outside its territory,〔UNGA, 22 May 1948, (''Replies of Provisional Government of Israel to Security Council questionnaire'' ) (doc.nr. S/766)〕 but now it claimed sovereignty over Jerusalem except the Holy Places.
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